This course covers the fundamental principles and intricate details of Direct Current (DC) machines. It provides an in-depth understanding of armature winding, voltage induction in armature conductors, and the operation of DC machines. For example, the course explains how the armature winding in a simple DC motor plays a crucial role in its functioning. It also discusses the concept of voltage induction in armature conductors under open circuit conditions and how to calculate the voltage induced in a single conductor. The course further delves into the performance of DC machines, their operating modes, and characteristics. It concludes with a detailed study of armature reaction in a DC machine, explaining how the flux density changes when the armature carries a current.