Helical & Scalar Turbulence

This course covers the intricate concepts of Helical and Scalar Turbulence in fluid dynamics. It begins with an exploration of kinetic helicity, its control, and its relation to viscosity. For instance, the course delves into the conservation laws, kinetic helicity transfer formula, mode to mode transfer, and the phenomenology of helical turbulence, akin to the swirling motion of a tornado. The course also provides a comprehensive understanding of scalar turbulence, using the example of ink dispersing in water to explain scalar fields and their role in fluid flow. It further discusses different types of flows, such as passive scalar, stably stratified flows, and convection. The course concludes with a detailed discussion on mode-to-mode energy transfer, variable energy flux in scalar turbulence, and the spectrum for helicity and the energy spectrum.