Phase is always with a field component. Sometimes all the field components can have the same phase. Othertimes it might be different. Usually we know how to write a linear polarization with phase. For circular olarization since it is composed of two linearlly polarized light, you will need to decompose the monitor fields (or farfield) into the circular polarization, the coefficient will have a phse, which can be regarded the phase of that circular polarization. details will need you to do the decomposition.
In addiion, from the second screenshot, it seems you will need to set longer simulation time, and let the autoshutoff min to terminate the simulation. Please refer to this post:
Ansys Insight: 为什么说仿真时间要足够长才能得到正确的频域结果
Sometimes longer simulation time may not improve the amplitude of the result. It might mean other wavelengths in the pulse have larger power than the expecrted wavelength range.
Since this is a periodic structure with periodic BCs, please use plane wave, if you do not have a strong reason to use TFSF.