Mona Gläsle
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Thank you both for your reply!

@V.V.
1. Would you suggest first order discretization only for energy or for all?
2. How low should I go with the URF for energy or with the CFL number?
3. Mentioning the initial gauge pressure is a very good point. First I thought that the flow won't become supersonic so I just set the initial gauge pressure to 10 MPa. But my not converged results so far are indeed supersonic and there is a shock (Mach number > 1). How do I set the supersonic/initial gauge pressure correctly? I set the operating pressure to 0 Pa.
4. As I assume that the Mach number exceeds 1, is the pressure based solver off the table? I still have the feeling that pressure-based works a bit better in my case.
5. I do monitor mass flow rate at the inlet and outlet. It's the same value at the inlet as at the outlet (negative). Is that what you ment with monitoring flux?

With bad I mean things like that:

density-based:

pressure-based:


@NickFL
I will try to run the calculation for more iterations and "babsit" it. In what diensions do you talk? Is the expected time for such a difficult model more like 20000 iterations? Then I'm gonna babysit for days?
The 2D model might be a good starting point, I'll try that.