Understanding Transformer Basics and Performance Factors — Lesson 8

This lesson covers the fundamentals of electrical machines, focusing on transformers. It discusses the output equation of a transformer, the implications of increasing the physical dimensions of the machines, and the specific magnetic loading and current loading. The lesson also explains the factors that affect the kV rating of a transformer, such as the physical dimensions, core area, and window area. It further delves into the necessity of extra cooling arrangements for large transformers and the role of oil in cooling and insulation. The lesson concludes with an explanation of how a transformer "breathes" and the use of silica gel to prevent moisture from deteriorating the oil's properties.

Video Highlights

00:39 - Discussion on the implications of increasing the physical dimensions of machines
03:22 - Explanation of the necessity of extra cooling arrangements for large transformers
19:42 - Discussion on the role of oil in cooling and insulation
31:57 - Explanation of how a transformer "breathes" and the use of silica gel

Key Takeaways

• The output equation of a transformer is defined by specific magnetic loading and current loading.
• The kV rating of a transformer is proportional to its physical dimensions, including the core area and window area.
• Large transformers require extra cooling arrangements due to the increased heat generated by the increased kV rating.
• Oil plays a crucial role in cooling and insulation in transformers. It carries heat from the core and windings to the surface area for dissipation.
• Transformers "breathe" as the degree of loading changes, pushing out air as the oil level increases and sucking in air as the oil level decreases. Silica gel is used to prevent moisture from the air from deteriorating the oil's properties.