Finite Wing Geometry and Flow Features — Lesson 1

This lesson covers the fundamental concepts of finite wing geometry and its aerodynamic characteristics. It delves into the differences between a finite wing and an infinite wing or airfoil, explaining that a finite wing is a three-dimensional body with a finite span, while an airfoil is a two-dimensional one. The lesson also discusses the impact of the span-wise flow on the aerodynamic characteristics of a finite wing, which is absent in the case of an airfoil. For instance, the lesson explains how the span-wise flow leads to the formation of wing tip vortices and induces a downward velocity component, known as downwash. The lesson also introduces the concept of aspect ratio and different types of drags acting on a finite wing and an airfoil.

Video Highlights

01:48 - Discussion on the span wise flow on a finite wing.
08:10 - Discussion on the concept of downwash and its impact on the wing's aerodynamics.
19:56 - Explanation of the concept of aspect ratio in finite wings.
23:46 - Discussion on the different types of drags acting on a finite wing and an airfoil section.

Key Takeaways

- A finite wing is a three-dimensional body with a finite span, while an airfoil is a two-dimensional one.
- The span-wise flow on a finite wing leads to the formation of wing tip vortices and induces a downward velocity component, known as downwash.
- The aspect ratio of a wing, represented as the ratio of the square of the wing span to the wing planform area, plays a crucial role in the aerodynamic characteristics of a wing.
- The total drag on a subsonic finite wing is the sum of skin friction drag, pressure drag, and induced drag.
- The total drag on a subsonic airfoil is the sum of skin friction drag and pressure drag.