{"id":462099,"date":"2026-08-03T02:10:24","date_gmt":"2026-08-03T02:10:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/innovationspace.ansys.com\/forum\/forums\/topic\/vaporization-of-water-on-a-solid-surface-cooling-tower\/"},"modified":"2026-08-03T02:10:24","modified_gmt":"2026-08-03T02:10:24","slug":"vaporization-of-water-on-a-solid-surface-cooling-tower","status":"publish","type":"topic","link":"https:\/\/innovationspace.ansys.com\/forum\/forums\/topic\/vaporization-of-water-on-a-solid-surface-cooling-tower\/","title":{"rendered":"vaporization of water on a solid surface, cooling tower"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&lt;p&gt;Hi,&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Water is coming from the top corner of my domain. The idea is that cool air moves from the bottom to the top while warm water moves from the top to the bottom. Water moves on a hot solid surface and will be vaporized.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Should I model water vapor, water liquid, and air as a 3-phase VOF sharp model or 2 phase with species transport (mixture of vapor and liquid water as one phase and air as the second phase).&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the simulation time and faster convergence, is it better to define a layer of initial liquid water on the solid surface or just let the software handle the thickness of water on the surface from time=0 when it is released from the top surface?&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;What UDF should I use instead of the Lee model? Like the Hertz-Knudsen equation?&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Any hints, information, similar problems, or tutorials are greatly appreciated&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;\/p&gt;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","class_list":["post-462099","topic","type-topic","status-publish","hentry","topic-tag-evaporation","topic-tag-fluent-udf-multi-phase","topic-tag-vof"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hi, Water is coming from the top corner of my domain. The idea is that cool air moves from the bottom to the top while warm water moves from the top to the bottom. 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