{"id":390645,"date":"2024-10-21T13:31:19","date_gmt":"2024-10-21T13:31:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/innovationspace.ansys.com\/forum\/forums\/reply\/390645\/"},"modified":"2024-10-21T13:31:19","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T13:31:19","slug":"390645","status":"publish","type":"reply","link":"https:\/\/innovationspace.ansys.com\/forum\/forums\/reply\/390645\/","title":{"rendered":"Reply To: Unexpected Downward Trend in Turb. Intensity Using Variable k and \u03b5 in Fluent"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&lt;p&gt;Hi, Thank you for the reply.&nbsp;&lt;br&gt;#UDF Starts from the next line#&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;#include &#8220;udf.h&#8221;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;#include &#8220;math.h&#8221;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;#include &#8220;stdlib.h&#8221;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;\/\/ Define constants&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;#define C_MU 0.09&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;#define LENGTH_SCALE 0.07 \/* Approximate length scale as 7% of characteristic length *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;#define VELOCITY 1.46 \/* Mean velocity (m\/s) *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;#define MIN_TI 0.44 \/* Minimum turbulence intensity: 44% *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;#define MAX_TI 0.60 \/* Maximum turbulence intensity: 60% *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;\/\/ Function to set time-dependent turbulent kinetic energy (k)&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;DEFINE_PROFILE(variable_k, thread, position)&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;{&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; real time = CURRENT_TIME; \/* Get current simulation time *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; real I; \/* Turbulence intensity *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; real k; \/* Turbulent kinetic energy *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; face_t f;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; \/* Predefined turbulence intensity values*\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; real TI_values[15] = {0.44, 0.44, 0.44, 0.48, 0.51, 0.53, 0.56, 0.58, 0.56, 0.55, 0.53, 0.50, 0.49, 0.48, 0.46}; \/\/ Values adjusted&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; int index = (int)(time); \/* Convert time to an integer index (0 to 14) *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; if (index &gt; 14)&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; {&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; index = 14; \/* Cap the index at 14 to keep TI at 46% after 15 seconds *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; }&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; I = TI_values[index]; \/* Assign the corresponding turbulence intensity *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; begin_f_loop(f, thread)&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; {&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; \/* Compute turbulent kinetic energy (k) based on turbulence intensity (I) *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; k = 1.5 * pow(I * VELOCITY, 2); \/* k = 3\/2 * (I * U)^2 *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; F_PROFILE(f, thread, position) = k;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; }&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; end_f_loop(f, thread)&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;}&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;\/\/ Function to set time-dependent turbulent dissipation rate (&epsilon;) based on k&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;DEFINE_PROFILE(variable_epsilon, thread, position)&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;{&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; real time = CURRENT_TIME; \/* Get current simulation time *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; real I; \/* Turbulence intensity *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; real k; \/* Turbulent kinetic energy *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; real epsilon; \/* Turbulent dissipation rate *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; real l = LENGTH_SCALE; \/* Turbulence length scale *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; face_t f;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; \/* Predefined turbulence intensity values *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; real TI_values[15] = {0.44, 0.44, 0.44, 0.48, 0.51, 0.53, 0.56, 0.58, 0.56, 0.55, 0.53, 0.50, 0.49, 0.48, 0.46}; \/\/ Values adjusted&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; int index = (int)(time); \/* Convert time to an integer index (0 to 14) *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; if (index &gt; 14)&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; {&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; index = 14; \/* Cap the index at 14 to keep TI at 46% after 15 seconds *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; }&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; I = TI_values[index]; \/* Assign the corresponding turbulence intensity *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; begin_f_loop(f, thread)&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; {&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; \/* Compute turbulent kinetic energy (k) *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; k = 1.5 * pow(I * VELOCITY, 2); \/* k = 3\/2 * (I * U)^2 *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; \/* Compute dissipation rate (&epsilon;) *\/&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; epsilon = pow(C_MU, 0.75) * pow(k, 1.5) \/ l;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; F_PROFILE(f, thread, position) = epsilon;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; }&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; end_f_loop(f, thread)&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;}&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;h1&gt;###&lt;\/h1&gt;&lt;p&gt;This is the UDF that I am using.&nbsp;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hope this would define the problem.&nbsp;&lt;br&gt;Thanks in advance.&nbsp;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/p&gt;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","class_list":["post-390645","reply","type-reply","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hi, Thank you for the reply. #UDF Starts from the next line##include &quot;udf.h&quot;#include &quot;math.h&quot;#include &quot;stdlib.h&quot; 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